Kodi mungachepetse bwanji kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde popanga ma silicone hip pads?

1. Kusanthula magwero a formaldehyde
1.1 Chiyambi cha zipangizo zopangira
Pakupanga ma silicone hip pads, zinthu zopangira ndi gwero lofunika kwambiri la kuipitsa kwa formaldehyde. Zinthu zina zopangira silicone zitha kuwonjezeredwa ndi zowonjezera zokhala ndi formaldehyde panthawi yopanga kuti silicone igwire bwino ntchito, monga kukulitsa kusinthasintha kwake kapena kukhazikika kwake. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofunikira, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde m'zinthu zina zopanda silicone kumatha kufika 300mg/kg, zomwe ndizoposa muyezo wachitetezo. Kuphatikiza apo, guluu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira ziwalo za silicone ukhozanso kukhala ndi formaldehyde. Pofuna kuchepetsa ndalama, guluu wina wotsika mtengo amagwiritsa ntchito formaldehyde ngati zinthu zopangira kapena zosungira, ndipo kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde kumatha kufika 500mg/kg. Ma formaldehyde awa adzatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito ma silicone hip pads, zomwe zingawononge thanzi la anthu.
1.2 Njira yopangira
Njira yopangirasilicone hip pads zingayambitsenso kupanga formaldehyde. Panthawi yopangira zinthu zotentha kwambiri, ngati kutentha sikuyendetsedwa bwino, zinthu zina zachilengedwe mu silicone zimatha kuwola ndikupanga formaldehyde. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kukapitirira 200°C, magulu a silanol achilengedwe m'ma silicone ena amatha kuwola ndikutulutsa formaldehyde. Kuphatikiza apo, mpweya woipa panthawi yopanga zinthu ungayambitsenso formaldehyde kudziunjikira mu workshop. Malinga ndi mayeso, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu workshop yopanda mpweya wabwino kumatha kufika 0.5mg/m³, komwe ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa muyezo wa dziko lonse wa formaldehyde wa 0.08mg/m³. Izi sizimangokhudza thanzi la ogwira ntchito, komanso zingayambitse kuti chinthucho chizimwa formaldehyde yambiri panthawi yopanga zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti formaldehyde ikhale yambiri mu chinthucho.

2. Njira zowongolera zinthu zopangira
2.1 Sankhani zinthu zopangira silicone zapamwamba kwambiri
Kusankha zinthu zopangira silicone zapamwamba kwambiri ndiye gawo loyamba lofunika kwambiri pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde m'ma silicone hip pads. Zinthu zopangira silicone zapamwamba kwambiri zimawongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera panthawi yopanga kuti zipewe kuwonjezera zinthu zokhala ndi formaldehyde. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu silicone yopangidwa ndi ogulitsa ena odziwika bwino a silicone kumatha kulamulidwa pansi pa 10mg/kg, zomwe ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde m'zinthu zopangira zochepa. Pogula, makampani ayenera kufunsa ogulitsa kuti apereke malipoti owunikira bwino zinthu zopangira ndikufotokozera zizindikiro zazikulu monga kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde. Kuphatikiza apo, mabizinesi amatha kukhazikitsa ubale wogwirizana kwa nthawi yayitali ndi ogulitsa kuti apange limodzi zinthu zopangira silicone zopanda formaldehyde kapena zopanda formaldehyde kuti achepetse kuyambitsidwa kwa formaldehyde kuchokera ku gwero.
2.2 Kuwunika mosamala zowonjezera
Pakupanga ma silicone hip pads, kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera n'kosapeweka, koma ziyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala. Pa zowonjezera zomwe zimawonjezera kusinthasintha ndi kukhazikika, zinthu zopanda formaldehyde kapena zopanda formaldehyde ziyenera kukondedwa. Mwachitsanzo, zowonjezera zina zatsopano zomwe zimakhala ndi formaldehyde yocheperako ndipo zimagwira ntchito mofanana ndi zowonjezera zomwe zili ndi formaldehyde. Posankha guluu, zinthu zopanda khalidwe labwino zomwe zili ndi formaldehyde ngati zinthu zopangira kapena zosungira ziyenera kupewedwa. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya guluu wopanda formaldehyde yomwe ilipo pamsika, ndipo mawonekedwe awo omangirira ndi okhazikika ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zopangira. Mabizinesi ayenera kuyesa mwamphamvu zowonjezera asanagwiritse ntchito kuti atsimikizire kuti kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde komwe kuli mu formaldehyde kukukwaniritsa miyezo. Nthawi yomweyo, khazikitsani njira yowunikira ogulitsa zowonjezera, kuwunikanso nthawi zonse mtundu wa malonda a ogulitsa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoteteza chilengedwe ndi chitetezo.

3. Kukonza njira zopangira
3.1 Kusintha kwa magawo a njira yopangira vulcanization
Njira yopangira vulcanization ndi njira yofunika kwambiri popanga ma silicone hip pads, ndipo kusintha koyenera kwa magawo ake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde.
Kuwongolera kutentha: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kutentha kwa vulcanization kukayendetsedwa pa 150℃ ~ 180℃, kuthekera kwa zigawo zachilengedwe mu silicone kuwonongeka ndikupanga formaldehyde kumachepa kwambiri. Mu kutentha kumeneku, silicone imatha kumaliza bwino vulcanization reaction, pomwe ikupewa chiopsezo cha kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kampani ina inachepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho ndi pafupifupi 30% posintha kutentha kwa vulcanization kuchokera pa 200℃ mpaka 170℃.
Kulamulira Nthawi: Nthawi yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito vulcanization imathandiza silicone kulumikiza bwino, kupanga kapangidwe kokhazikika ka netiweki, ndikuchepetsa kupanga formaldehyde. Kawirikawiri, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito vulcanization iyenera kukhazikitsidwa molondola malinga ndi mtundu wa silicone ndi makulidwe a chinthucho. Pa ma silicone hip pads wamba, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito vulcanization imalimbikitsidwa kuti ilamulidwe pa mphindi 10 mpaka 15. Nthawi yochepa kwambiri ingayambitse vulcanization yosakwanira ndikukhudza mtundu wa chinthucho; nthawi yayitali kwambiri ingayambitse zotsatira zosafunikira. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito vulcanization ikakulitsidwa kuchoka pa mphindi 8 mpaka mphindi 12, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 25%.
Kusintha kwa kuthamanga: Kuthamanga koyenera kwa vulcanization kungathandize kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wapakati pa mamolekyu a silicone ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Kawirikawiri, kuthamanga kwa vulcanization kuyenera kusungidwa pa 5MPa ~ 10MPa. Pakati pa kuthamanga kumeneku, silicone imatha kukakamizidwa mofanana ndikumaliza njira yabwino yopumira. Mayeso akuwonetsa kuti powonjezera kuthamanga kwa vulcanization kuchokera pa 4MPa mpaka 8MPa, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu silicone hip pad kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 20%, ndipo mawonekedwe a chinthucho amawongoleredwanso kwambiri.
3.2 Konzani bwino njira yopangira zinthu
Kukonza bwino njira yopangira zinthu kungachepetse bwino kupanga ndi kusungira formaldehyde.
Kukonza kapangidwe ka nkhungu: Pangani kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa nkhungu moyenera kuti muwonetsetse kuti silicone ikutenthedwa mofanana panthawi yopangira ulusi kuti mupewe kutentha kwambiri komanso kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde. Kugwiritsa ntchito nkhungu yogawanika kungapangitse kutentha kwa silicone mofanana panthawi yopangira ulusi ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kosagwirizana. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza njira yotulutsira utsi wa nkhungu kumatha kutulutsa mpweya wopangidwa panthawi yopangira ulusi, kuphatikiza formaldehyde yomwe ingatheke, ndikuchepetsa formaldehyde yotsala mu chinthucho. Kampani ina itagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe katsopano ka nkhungu, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho kunachepetsedwa ndi 15%.
Kusintha kutentha ndi nthawi yopangira ulusi: Mofanana ndi njira yopangira ulusi, kuwongolera moyenera kutentha ndi nthawi yopangira ulusi n'kofunika kwambiri. Kulamulira kutentha kwa ulusi pa 140℃ ~ 160℃ ndi nthawi yopangira ulusi pa mphindi 5 ~ mphindi 10 sikungotsimikizira kuti ulusi wa silicone hip pad ndi wabwino, komanso kumachepetsa kupanga formaldehyde. Deta yoyesera ikuwonetsa kuti mkati mwa kutentha ndi nthawi imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu ulusi kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 35%, ndipo mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a ulusi zimakwaniritsa miyezo yabwino kwambiri.
Kukonza bwino njira yopumulira: Njira yabwino yopumulira imatha kutulutsa mpweya wa formaldehyde mu workshop nthawi yake kuti isalowe pamwamba pa chinthucho panthawi yopanga. Kuyika zida zopumulira bwino mu workshop yopangira zinthu kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosintha pa ola limodzi kufika nthawi zoposa 10 kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu workshop kufika pansi pa 0.05mg/m³, komwe ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa muyezo wadziko lonse wa formaldehyde. Izi sizimangothandiza kuteteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito, komanso zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa formaldehyde ndi chinthucho, kuti kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthu chomaliza kukwaniritse miyezo yachitetezo.

4. Kuyesa ndi kuyang'anira khalidwe
4.1 Khazikitsani miyezo yoyesera formaldehyde
Kukhazikitsa miyezo yokhwima yoyesera formaldehyde ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotsimikizira kuti silicone hip pads ndi yabwino komanso yotetezeka. Pakadali pano, dzikolo lili ndi miyezo yomveka bwino yokhudza kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu zinthu za silicone. Mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa kwa formaldehyde muzinthu za silikonisayenera kupitirira 0.05mg/m²·h. Kutengera izi, mabizinesi ayenera kukhazikitsa miyezo yolimba kwambiri yoyesera mkati mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe awoawo azinthu komanso zofunikira zapamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, kampani yodziwika bwino yogulitsa zinthu za silicone imayika muyezo wa formaldehyde wa silicone hip pads kuti usapitirire 0.03mg/m²·h, womwe ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa muyezo wadziko lonse ndipo umatsimikizira kuti zinthuzo ndi zotetezeka. Ponena za njira zoyesera, ukadaulo wapamwamba woyesera monga high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) kapena gas chromatography (GC) ungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Njirazi zili ndi mawonekedwe a kukhudzidwa kwambiri, kusankha bwino, kuthamanga komanso kulondola, ndipo zimatha kuyeza molondola kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu silicone hip pads. Nthawi yomweyo, mabizinesi ayenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse ndikusunga zida zoyesera kuti atsimikizire kulondola komanso kudalirika kwa zotsatira zoyesa.
4.2 Kusankha zinthu nthawi zonse
Kusankha zitsanzo nthawi zonse ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yowonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde m'ma silicone hip pads kukupitilira kukwaniritsa miyezo. Makampani ayenera kupanga mapulani owunikira zitsanzo mwatsatanetsatane, kutchula kuchuluka kwa nthawi, kukula kwa zitsanzo ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwunika zitsanzo. Mwachitsanzo, kuwunika kwathunthu kwa ma silicone hip pads pamzere wopangira kumachitika kamodzi pamwezi, ndi kukula kwa zitsanzo kosachepera zidutswa 10 nthawi iliyonse, kuphatikiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi masiku opangira. Pakuwunika zitsanzo, miyezo yozindikira formaldehyde imatsatiridwa mosamala, ndipo zotsatira za mayeso zimalembedwa ndikusanthulidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Chinthu chokhala ndi formaldehyde yochulukirapo chikapezeka, njira yofufuzira kutsata iyenera kuyambika nthawi yomweyo kuti ipeze chomwe chayambitsa vutoli, monga mavuto azinthu zopangira, kupotoka kwa njira zopangira, ndi zina zotero, ndikuchita njira zoyenera zowongolera, monga kusintha ogulitsa zinthu zopangira, kusintha magawo a njira zopangira, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi yomweyo, kufufuza kwathunthu ndi kuchiza gulu lomwelo la zinthu zomwe zapangidwa kuyenera kuchitika kuti zinthu zosayenerera zisalowe pamsika. Kudzera mu kuwunika nthawi zonse zitsanzo za mankhwala ndi njira zotsatirira mosamala, kukhazikika kwa silicone hip pads kumatha kutsimikizika bwino ndipo chidaliro cha ogula pa zinthuzo chikhoza kukulitsidwa.

5. Kusamalira chilengedwe ndi zida
5.1 Mpweya wolowera m'malo ogwirira ntchito
Kutsegula mpweya m'malo ogwirira ntchito ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yosamalira chilengedwe kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde popanga ma silicone hip pads.
Kapangidwe ka makina opumira mpweya: Malo opumira mpweya ayenera kukhala ndi makina opumira mpweya abwino kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino. Kapangidwe ka makina opumira mpweya kayenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi kapangidwe ka malo opumira mpweya, kugawa kwa zida zopangira, ndi kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde panthawi yopanga. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kwa makina opumira mpweya ndi mpweya wachilengedwe kumatengedwa, ndipo mpweya womwe uli m'malo opumira mpweya ukhoza kusinthidwa mwachangu poyika zida zopumira mpweya zamphamvu kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa malo oyenera a malo opumira mpweya. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, makina abwino opumira mpweya amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu malo opumira mpweya ndi zoposa 50%.
Zofunikira pa pafupipafupi pa mpweya: Kuti mpweya wa formaldehyde utuluke bwino mu workshop, pafupipafupi pa pafupipafupi pamakina opumulira mpweya uyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo ina. Kawirikawiri, pafupipafupi pa pafupipafupi pa workshop yopangira silicone hip pad sayenera kupitirira nthawi 12 pa ola limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo poti kampani ina yakhazikitsa pafupipafupi pa pafupipafupi pa 15 pa ola limodzi, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu workshop kunachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 0.3mg/m³ yoyambirira kufika pa 0.06mg/m³, yomwe ndi yotsika kwambiri kuposa muyezo wadziko lonse wa formaldehyde, womwe sumangowongolera malo ogwirira ntchito a ogwira ntchito, komanso umachepetsa kuyamwa kwa formaldehyde ndi chinthucho.
Kusamalira zida zopumira mpweya: Kusamalira ndi kusamalira zida zopumira mpweya nthawi zonse ndiye chinsinsi chotsimikizira kuti makina opumira mpweya akugwira ntchito bwino. Mabizinesi ayenera kupanga mapulani okonzedwa bwino osamalira zida zopumira mpweya, kuphatikizapo kuwunika nthawi zonse momwe zida zopumira mpweya zimagwirira ntchito, kuyeretsa ma ducts opumira mpweya, kusintha zosefera, ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, kuwunika kwathunthu ndi kusamalira zida zopumira mpweya kotala lililonse kungatsimikizire kuti mphamvu yopumira mpweya ya makina opumira mpweya nthawi zonse imakhala yokwera, motero kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu workshop.
5.2 Kuyeretsa ndi kukonza zida
Kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira zida zopangira n'kofunika kwambiri pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde popanga ma silicone hip pads.
Kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa ndi njira: Zipangizo zopangira ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse kuti zinthu zotsalira za silicone zisawonongeke pamwamba pa zipangizo kuti zipange formaldehyde. Kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa kuyenera kudziwika kutengera momwe zipangizozo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso makhalidwe a zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pa zipangizo zopangira utomoni, kuyeretsa pamwamba kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa ntchito iliyonse kuti muchotse zinyalala ndi zodetsa za silicone zotsala. Njira yoyeretsera ikhoza kukhala kuphatikiza kuyeretsa mwakuthupi ndi kuyeretsa mankhwala, monga kugwiritsa ntchito burashi yofewa kuchotsa fumbi ndi zinyalala pamwamba pa zipangizo, kenako ndikuzipukuta ndi sopo wopanda formaldehyde kuti muwonetsetse kuti pamwamba pa zipangizozo pali zoyera komanso zopanda zotsalira.
Ndondomeko yokonza zida: Pangani ndondomeko yokonza zida mwatsatanetsatane ndikuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikusunga zida zopangira kuti muchepetse kupanga formaldehyde chifukwa cha kulephera kwa zida. Ndondomeko yokonza iyenera kuphatikizapo kuyang'anira, kudzoza, kusintha ndi ntchito zina za zida zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, yang'anani nthawi zonse momwe nkhungu yopangira imagwirira ntchito kuti mupewe kutentha kwambiri komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutseka kosakwanira komanso kupanga formaldehyde; sinthani ndikusunga makina otenthetsera zida zotenthetsera kuti muwonetsetse kulondola kwa kuwongolera kutentha, potero kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kutentha. Malinga ndi ziwerengero kuchokera ku kampani ina, pambuyo pokhazikitsa dongosolo lokhwima lokonza zida, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde muzinthuzo kwatsika ndi pafupifupi 10%.
Kusintha ndi kukweza zida: Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo kosalekeza, kusintha ndi kukweza zida zopangira panthawi yake kungachepetse kupanga formaldehyde. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano zopangira zomwe zili ndi formaldehyde yochepa, kapena kusintha zida zomwe zilipo kale, kukhazikitsa zida zothira formaldehyde, ndi zina zotero. Kampani ina inayambitsa zida zapamwamba zopangira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde m'zinthu zake kunachepetsedwa ndi 20% poyerekeza ndi mtundu womwewo wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi zida zakale, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kusintha ndi kukweza zida kumakhudza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde.

6. Maphunziro ndi kasamalidwe ka ogwira ntchito
6.1 Maphunziro okhudza zoopsa za formaldehyde ndi chitetezo
Formaldehyde ndi chinthu choopsa chomwe chili ndi zoopsa zambiri pa thanzi la anthu. Pakupanga ma silicone hip pads, ogwira ntchito amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha formaldehyde, choncho ndikofunikira kuwaphunzitsa za zoopsa za formaldehyde ndi chitetezo.
Kudziwa za ngozi: Formaldehyde imalowa m'thupi la munthu makamaka kudzera m'njira yopumira, pakhungu ndi m'mimba. Kupezeka kwa nthawi yochepa ndi formaldehyde yambiri kungayambitse kuyabwa m'maso, mphuno, pakhosi ndi m'njira yopumira, komanso zizindikiro monga kung'amba, kukhosomola, ndi kupuma movutikira; kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ndi formaldehyde yochepa kungayambitse ziwengo, matenda opuma, komanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali pamalo okhala ndi formaldehyde yambiri ya 0.1mg/m³ kudzawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mphuno ndi 30%.
Zomwe zili mu maphunziro a chitetezo: Makampani ayenera kukonzekera maphunziro nthawi zonse kuti afotokozere antchito za kuopsa kwa formaldehyde mwatsatanetsatane kuti azindikire kufunika kwa chitetezo. Nthawi yomweyo, maphunzirowa ayenera kufotokoza njira zoyenera zodzitetezera, monga kuvala zida zodzitetezera monga zophimba nkhope, magolovesi, ndi magalasi. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito zophimba nkhope za carbon zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumatha kusefa bwino 90% ya formaldehyde mumlengalenga, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ogwira ntchito kupuma formaldehyde. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphunzitsidwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zida zopumira mpweya moyenera, komanso njira zothandizira mwadzidzidzi pamene zinthu zachilendo monga kutayikira kwa formaldehyde zapezeka.
6.2 Njira zogwirira ntchito zokhazikika
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito zokhazikika ndi chitsimikizo chofunikira chochepetsera kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde popanga ma silicone hip pads, ndipo zingatsimikizirenso thanzi ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito.
Kupanga njira yogwirira ntchito: Mabizinesi ayenera kupanga njira zogwirira ntchito mwatsatanetsatane komanso mokhazikika kutengera mawonekedwe a njira zopangira ndi zida. Njirazi ziyenera kuphimba mbali zonse kuyambira kulandira, kusunga, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopangira mpaka kupanga zinthu, kuyesa, ndi kulongedza. Mwachitsanzo, mu ulalo wosungiramo zinthu zopangira, zanenedwa kuti zinthu zopangira silicone ndi zowonjezera ziyenera kusungidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu yopuma bwino, yozizira komanso youma kuti ipewe kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde chifukwa cha zinthu zosayenerera zachilengedwe; mu ulalo wopangira zinthu zopangira, magawo olondola owongolera monga kutentha kwa vulcanization, nthawi, ndi kupanikizika amafotokozedwa bwino kuti atsimikizire kuti ogwira ntchito akutsatira mosamalitsa ntchito yokhazikika ndikuchepetsa kupanga formaldehyde.
Maphunziro ndi kuwunika: Phunzitsani ogwira ntchito za njira yogwirira ntchito kuti athe kudziwa bwino zofunikira pa ntchito iliyonse. Pambuyo pa maphunziro, kuwunika kokhwima kumachitika kuti atsimikizire kuti ogwira ntchito atha kuchita bwino komanso molondola njira yogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, poyesa malo ogwirira ntchito, ntchito yeniyeni ya ogwira ntchito imapatsidwa ma point, ndipo ogwira ntchito omwe alephera kuwunika amaphunzitsidwanso mpaka atadziwa bwino njira yogwirira ntchito. Malinga ndi ziwerengero kuchokera ku kampani inayake, atakhazikitsa maphunziro ogwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho kunachepa ndi 15%, ndipo mphamvu yopangira inawonjezekanso ndi 10%.
Kuyang'anira ndi kupereka ndemanga: Khazikitsani njira yoyang'anira kuti antchito athe kutsatira njira zokhazikika zogwirira ntchito nthawi zonse. Konzani antchito apadera kuti aziyang'ana ntchito za ogwira ntchito nthawi zonse ndikukonza machitidwe osakhazikika munthawi yake. Nthawi yomweyo, limbikitsani ogwira ntchito kuti apereke malingaliro owongolera njira zogwirira ntchito kuti apange njira yabwino yoperekera ndemanga. Mwachitsanzo, kampani ina idakhazikitsa bokosi la malingaliro ndikuchita misonkhano ya antchito nthawi zonse kuti itole maganizo ndi malingaliro a ogwira ntchito pa njira zogwirira ntchito, kukonza njira zogwirira ntchito, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde, ndikuwonjezera mtundu wa malonda.

7. Chidule
Kudzera mu kafukufuku wokwanira womwe uli pamwambapa wokhudza kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde pakupanga ma silicone hip pads, mfundo zazikulu ndi malingaliro otsatirawa zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule:
7.1 Zomaliza zazikulu
Kusankha zinthu zopangira n'kofunika kwambiri: zinthu zopangira silicone zapamwamba komanso zowonjezera zopanda formaldehyde ndiye maziko ochepetsera kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde. Kusankha zinthu zopangira zomwe zili ndi formaldehyde yochepa kapena yopanda formaldehyde kungachepetse kuyambitsidwa kwa formaldehyde kuchokera ku gwero. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu silicone yopangidwa ndi kampani yodziwika bwino yogulitsa zinthu zopangira silicone kumatha kulamulidwa pansi pa 10mg/kg, pomwe zinthu zopangira zochepa zitha kukhala zokwera kufika pa 300mg/kg.
Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pakupanga zinthu n'zofunika kwambiri: kusintha koyenera kwa magawo a vulcanization ndi molding process, monga kuwongolera kutentha kwa vulcanization pa 150℃ ~ 180℃, nthawi ya vulcanization pa mphindi 10 ~ mphindi 15, kuthamanga kwa vulcanization pa 5MPa ~ 10MPa, komanso kukonza kapangidwe ka nkhungu, kutentha kwa molding ndi nthawi, zitha kuchepetsa bwino kupanga formaldehyde. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti kudzera mu njira izi zokonzera, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 20% ~ 35%.
Kasamalidwe ka zachilengedwe ndi zida sizinganyalanyazidwe: mpweya wabwino wolowera m'malo ogwirira ntchito komanso kuyeretsa ndi kukonza zida zopangira kungachepetse bwino kuchuluka ndi kuyamwa kwa formaldehyde panthawi yopanga. Dongosolo lolowera m'malo ogwirira ntchito lili ndi pafupipafupi yolowera mpweya wopitilira nthawi 12 pa ola limodzi, zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mumalo ogwirira ntchito mpaka pansi pa 0.05mg/m³; kuyeretsa ndi kukonza zida kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho ndi pafupifupi 10%.
Kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira ubwino ndi chitsimikizo: Kukhazikitsa miyezo yokhazikika yozindikira formaldehyde ndi njira zowerengera nthawi zonse kungatsimikizire kuti kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu chinthucho kukupitilira kukwaniritsa miyezo yachitetezo. Zipangizo zamakono zozindikira monga high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) kapena gas chromatography (GC) zimatha kuyeza molondola kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde; kuwerengera nthawi zonse ndi njira zotsatirira mosamala zimatha kutsimikizira bwino kukhazikika kwa mtundu wa chinthucho.
Kuphunzitsa ndi kuyang'anira antchito ndi chinsinsi: kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito za zoopsa za formaldehyde ndi chitetezo, komanso kuphunzitsa ndi kuwunika njira zoyendetsera ntchito zokhazikika, sikungochepetsa kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde, komanso kuonetsetsa thanzi ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa maphunziro okhazikika a njira zoyendetsera ntchito, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde m'zinthu kungachepe ndi 15% ndipo mphamvu yopangira ikhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 10%.
7.2 Malangizo
Konzani bwino zinthu zopangira nthawi zonse: Makampani ayenera kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi ogulitsa kuti apange zinthu zopangira silicone zopanda formaldehyde kapena formaldehyde komanso zowonjezera kuti athetse kufalikira kwa formaldehyde kuchokera ku gwero. Nthawi yomweyo, limbitsani kuwunika ndikuwunikanso ogulitsa zinthu zopangira kuti muwonetsetse kuti zinthu zopangira zomwe zagulidwa zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoteteza chilengedwe komanso chitetezo.
Kukulitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa njira zopangira: Mabizinesi ayenera kufufuza mosalekeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wopanga kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a vulcanization ndi molding. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambitsa zida zanzeru zopangira ndi njira zowongolera kuti zikwaniritse kuyang'anira kolondola komanso kusintha njira zopangira, motero kuchepetsa bwino kupanga formaldehyde.
Limbikitsani kasamalidwe ka zachilengedwe ndi zida: Mabizinesi ayenera kukweza ndi kukonzanso makina opumira mpweya m'malo ogwirira ntchito komanso zida zopangira kuti awonetsetse kuti mpweya wabwino komanso kuyeretsa ndi kukonza zida zili bwino kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, khazikitsani njira yonse yosinthira zida, chotsani zida zakale zomwe zili ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kutulutsidwa kwa formaldehyde, ndikuyika zida zatsopano zopangira zomwe zili ndi kutulutsidwa kochepa kwa formaldehyde.
Limbitsani kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira khalidwe: Makampani ayenera kupititsa patsogolo miyezo yopezera formaldehyde ndi njira zopezera zitsanzo, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira ndi kukula kwa zitsanzo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde muzinthuzo kukulamulidwa mosamala mkati mwa malo otetezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, limbitsani kusanthula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito deta yopezera, kupeza mavuto omwe angakhalepo pa nthawi yake, ndikutenga njira zopewera komanso zowongolera.
Samalani maphunziro ndi kasamalidwe ka ogwira ntchito: Mabizinesi ayenera kuphatikiza maphunziro a ogwira ntchito m'mapulani a chitukuko cha nthawi yayitali, kukonza nthawi zonse maphunziro okhudza zoopsa ndi chitetezo cha formaldehyde komanso maphunziro okhazikika a njira zogwirira ntchito, ndikuwonjezera chidziwitso cha ogwira ntchito pazachilengedwe komanso luso logwira ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, khazikitsani njira yoyang'anira yonse komanso yowunikira kuti ilimbikitse ogwira ntchito kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zokweza khalidwe ndikupanga malo abwino otenga nawo mbali mokwanira komanso ogwirizana.
Mwachidule, kudzera mu njira zonse monga kuwongolera zinthu zopangira, kukonza njira zopangira, kuyang'anira chilengedwe ndi zida, kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira khalidwe, kuphunzitsa ndi kuyang'anira antchito, kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde mu njira yopangira ma silicone hip pads kumatha kuchepetsedwa bwino, ubwino ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zitha kutsimikizika, thanzi la ogula litha kutetezedwa, ndipo izi zidzathandizanso pakukula kokhazikika kwa bizinesi.